Tired of seeing consumer drones we come to appreciate the real drone

Lei feng's network (search for "Lei feng's network", public interest) by the writer Feng Yukun, Shenzhen Chang Feng information technology company co-founder.

Over the years, drone has drawn a lot of attention in recent years in the battle against terrorism, armed conflict, war, unmanned weapons can be said to be a dark horse equipment, quickly became popular, but also with its current development trends, seems to be out of control.

UAVs as a new thing, trying to understand it first to find out what drones into what is the best source of the war, most prominent characteristic is, in one of the most straightforward terms, is the kind of drone is a good drone. Unmanned aerial vehicles are not toys and models.

First of all we know about the world's top ten drones, that is the real drone! Is not a big field, zero, million air, howsen, millet, and so on.

NO.1 RQ-4A Global Hawk UAV

RQ-4A Global Hawk UAV 

RQ-4A Global Hawk UAV flights in the world's longest and the farthest, highest drone. Is also the first to be United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certification, in the United States drone aircraft airspace. In addition to domestic airspace, "Global Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicles are also licensed in Australia, and Portugal, and Spain, Scotland, Denmark, and Canada, and Mexico, and Costa Rica, and Honduras, and Venezuela and Ecuador international airspace flight.

Origin of the name

"R" at the beginning is the name of the United States Department of Defense named "reconnaissance and collect" (reconnaissance), the first letter "Q" means unmanned; "4" refers to the drone program fourth works. "A" or "b" are two modified versions of other warplanes have ABCD, and F-16.

Performance parameter

RQ-4A global Eagle no machine crew: 0 name, length: 13.5m (44 ft 5 in), wing exhibition: 35.4m (116 ft 2 in), height: 4.6 m (15 ft 2 in), wing area: m ² (FT ²), empty heavy: 3,850 kg (8,490 lb), load: 10,400 kg (22,900 lb), engine: 1xAE3007H Turbo fan leaves engine, 31.4Kn (7,050lbf), Performance top speed: 650 km/h (404 MP/h), range: 36 (hours), service ceiling: 20,000 m (65,000 ft).

NO.2 X-47B UAV

X-47B is an experimental unmanned combat aircraft (UCAV), organized by the United States Defense company Northrop Grumman to develop. X-47 J-UCAS plan began with the Defense Advanced research projects Agency, is now the United States Navy aimed at development of shipborne UAV UCAS-D part of the plan. X-47B in flight in 2011, and in 2013, has successfully completed a series of ground and carrier testing.

Basic parameters

Crew: no occupant (semi-detached), 11.63-meter length, wingspan of 18.92 meters, collapsed 9.4 meters, a height of 3.10 meters, 6,350 kilograms, maximum takeoff weight of 20,215 kg, power 1x Whitney F100-220U turbofan engine range of 3,889 kilometers.

NO.3 second generation "Falcon" Hypersonic vehicles

Second generation Falcon Hypersonic (Falcon Hypersonic Technology Vehicle 2,HTV-2), capable of carrying 5 tons of supplies, with more than 5 times the speed of sound speed can be reached in 2 hours anywhere in the world. Has been eager to have a faster Hypersonic aircraft, to replace the extended service SR-71 "Blackbird" supersonic reconnaissance aircraft. HTV-2 load capacity of 5 tons, is now the fastest-flying aircraft. The black wedge-shaped aircraft can fly nearly 17,000 kilometers in 2 hours, equivalent to half of the Earth's circumference, and intercontinental missile with a range between 15000 km and 5500 km.

NO.4 United Kingdom "God of Thunder" drones

United Kingdom God of Thunder drones as the first prototype of the high-tech stealth drone, the drone's name comes from the mythical figure of "God of Thunder" is a United Kingdom Ministry of defence and the product of the industry. United Kingdom BAE Systems, Qinetiq company, Rolls-Royce and GE Aviation took 4 years of joint research, prototype cost £ 143 million (about 1.46 billion yuan). Spent yibaiduowange hours in 2011, the flight test.

NO.5 France "neurons" stealth drone

European ucav "neurons" by France lead, Sweden, and Italy, and Spain, and Switzerland and Greece involved. In case of not accepting any instructions to complete the flight, and self-correction in the sophisticated flight environment, in addition to flying faster than all existing reconnaissance aircraft in theatre. In November 2012, the neuron unmanned aerial vehicles in France Istres air base flight. France Ministry of defence says it has created a new generation fighters era. UAV payloads of more than 1 ton of neurons using 1 "Adoul" (Adour) engines, flight speed of about Mach 0.8, over 3 hours battery life, long voyages far, hangtime and other basic features. The machine has low detectability, flying wings, extensive use of composite materials, with 2 internal weapons Bay, carrying data relay device, and the radar equipment 1. First flight technology demonstrator is scheduled for early 2011, 2012 when the first fire test (probably throws 1 guided bomb). Plan as a whole to conduct about 100 flights and 2 fire tests. From performance point of view, "neurons" drones mainly has the following four features:

1, stealth performance highlights.

2, high intelligence.

3, the attack method.

4, high benefit-cost ratio.

NO.6 Predator drones

MQ-1 Predator (Predator) is United States Air Force describes as "medium altitude, long time" (MALE) UAV system. It can play a reconnaissance role, but fired two AGM-114 Hellfire missiles. It is a RC aircraft, Captain of 8.27 metres, 14.87 meters wingspan, maximum active 3700 km radius, maximum flying speed of 240 km, target blank time over 24 hours, maximum battery life 60 hours. The machine is equipped with electro-optical infrared reconnaissance equipment, GPS navigation equipment and has a synthetic aperture radar reconnaissance capability, 4000 m height resolution of 0.3 meters, on target location precision 0.25 meters. Soft landing or parachute emergency recovery can be used. Fossil iPhone case

NO.7 RQ-7 shadow UAV

RQ-7 "shadow" drone is a small, lightweight tactical unmanned aerial vehicle system. In August 2006, the United States Army aviation and missile command awarded United States industrial company of AAI Corporation a contract valued at $ 11.7 million, requiring the company to United States Army front line RQ-7B "shadow" 200 tactical unmanned aircraft (by AAI Corporation), integrating a new advanced tactical common data link equipment, and is responsible for its presentation. Since 2003, the "shadow" 200 tactical UAV "Iraq freedom wars", to the United States and allied forces provided combat soldiers to help. The tactical common data link with real-time connectivity, and supports a wide array of somebody or nobody intelligent systems, surveillance systems and the interoperability of surveillance systems, helps to collect intelligence information, greatly improve situational awareness, Force Commander, according to the current situation, formulate more accurate and rapid military action.

In July 2007, the AAI companies has begun training United States Marine Corps personnel flying and maintaining "shadow" tactical unmanned aircraft systems (TUAS), for the army later this year dress up as "shadow" surveillance, reconnaissance and intelligence-gathering system in preparation. The Marine Corps has decided to retire its "Vanguard" unmanned aircraft systems, the UAV system has to support it on the ground for more than 20 years, including "Iraq freedom" important action in action. In 1999, the United States Army selected AAI Corporation for its tactical unmanned aircraft systems-"shadow" 200 main-contractor, the army named the machine is RQ-7B. United States Army, the Navy and the Marine Corps has launched a joint acquisition strategy, to promote the efficiency of existing contracts and procurement, as well as lower life-cycle cost of ownership.

NO.8 Harpy

The Harpy (IAI Harpy) is Israel the Israel Aerospace industries (IAI) in development in the 1990 of the 20th century, can be launched from a truck, the radar system can be independently attack drone. Harpy is designed to attack radar systems. Harpy is equipped with radar sensors and a bomb, received when the enemy radar detection, will be free to attack the radar, known as "air sirens" and "radar the killers." Banshee Harpy named Eagle (Harpy).

NO.9 the Heron UAV

"The Heron" is mainly used for real-time surveillance, electronic surveillance and interference, communication relay and maritime patrol missions. It can carry electro-optical/infrared radar and other surveillance equipment for search, control and identification, electronic warfare and naval warfare. In civilian areas but also for geological surveys, environmental monitoring, forest fire prevention, and so on.

Parameter size-specific data:

A wingspan of 16.6 metres, Captain of 8.5 meters, 2.3 meters high. Weight: the weight of 1100 kilograms, mission equipment weighing 250 kilograms, weighing 400 kilograms of fuel.

Performance data:

Maximum level flight speed of 240-kilometer km/h, service ceiling 10668 m, with a range of 250 km, around 50 hours of battery life time. "The Heron" is Israel aircraft industries of malate subsidiary developed the strategy of large high long endurance UAV. The machine is mainly used for real-time surveillance, electronic surveillance and interference, communication relay and maritime patrol missions. It can carry electro-optical/infrared radar and other surveillance equipment for search, control and identification, electronic warfare and naval warfare. In civilian areas but also for geological surveys, environmental monitoring, forest fire prevention, and so on.

Power unit with a four-stroke piston engine, rated at 74.6 kW. "The Heron" 7620 meters height, patrol in 150-kilometer/hour, its battery life for 36 hours, patrolling the 4570 m altitude, battery life for 52 hours. Real-time data transmission distance in a relay of up to 1000-kilometer. Its large cabin according to different tasks need to change equipment. The machine is equipped with a large radar can simultaneously track 32 goals. Using a wheel-type takeoffs and landings, flight will be prepared in advance of the program.

"Heron" was at the 1995 Paris air show and exhibited at the Farnborough air show in 1996. Development of the machine for 10 months, first flew in October 1994 and the end of 1996.

NO.10 RQ-8 fire Scout UAV

Nuosipuluo-Grumman RQ-8A "fire Scout" drone is the United States nuosiluopu·gelumen's Ryan aeronautical Center, for United States Navy developed the next generation of ship-borne vertical take off and landing tactical unmanned aerial vehicles (VTUAV), used to perform reconnaissance and targeting missions, the army numbered RQ-8A.

The mechanical parts of the machine using the Schweitzer 333 helicopters for civilian use of mature technologies. 

Seat number: no driving, fuselage length: 6.97 meters (22 feet 10 inches), wing exhibition: 8.38 meters (27 feet 6 inches), fuselage height: 2.87 meters (9 feet 5 inches), empty load volume: 661 kilograms (1457 pounds), maximum took off weight: 1157 kilograms (2650 pounds), maximum speed: 213-kilometer/hours (144 miles/hours), maximum voyage: continued sailing three hours, power plant: alixun/ ROM-ROM 250-C20W engine, engine output: 333-kilowatt (420 SHP), first flew on May 19, 2002.

What kind of drone is a good drone?

Answer the question, first from the drone war and combat to see its initial performance. UAV is no stranger to the Chinese army, adversarial combat of world's first unmanned, actually took place in the United States and China.

The mid 60, about 64 to 66 and, when the Chinese air force has a very distinctive set of operations, that is, counter-UAV. At that time is the time into the peak of the Vietnam war, United States movements in China's interest, you need to obtain China in military and other areas, also need surveillance. Technical areas for American troops, their most directly the equipment available was aerial reconnaissance.

However, at the time wanted to enter China's airspace for aerial reconnaissance is not so easy. Because from 50 generation began, China army has been in with United States and us of various air reconnaissance aircraft do struggle, everyone impression is deep of including playing RB57, playing U2, so at pendulum in United States before has a problem: was reconnaissance into to China airspace, I'm afraid hard finished full whole to back, may was shot down has led to pilots death, or pilots fell to China hand in, United States will bear political risk, and diplomatic risk, and and domestic of some problem. At that time, the Americans are thought to use unmanned aerial vehicles to detect, the Americans used fire bee high altitude reconnaissance UAV, unmanned bomber and transport aircraft in the Air launch, its altitude to 17000 and 20000 meter, and it can be such a reconnaissance mission.

This poses a problem for Chinese troops because the 17000 and 20000 m, the height is the ultimate altitude when a Chinese fighter jet, and at such a height of flight, to knock down unmanned aerial vehicle will undoubtedly be difficult. Dang United States unmanned reconnaissance plane entered China's airspace at an altitude of when China started using f-6 block, but the original operation is not smooth, because f-6 Service ceiling reached limit when 17000 meter, has been difficult to lock and attack targets, and f-6 in a height can not stay for a long time. There was a pilot, fired 3 times in a row, all polished shells, still lay the drone. Even the pilots wanted to hit it down, unfortunately, in the process of climbing, impact, the aircraft entered a spiral, resulting in a crash of the results.

Can said, China army is a is has creative of army, after forces and research units series efforts zhihou, found has a basic of approach: increased engine thrust, to high rushed, rushed to a height, close to no machine tail 300 to 400 meters of such of a distance, combat of opportunities quite short, may only more than 10 seconds, up dozens of seconds, but caught this Flash that died of opportunities, on can effective of shot down no machine.

After a series of trial and training, we laid the United States fires bee drone. And with this tactical master more and more skilled, bee was shot down after another fire on the ground in China. This can be said, is human history of unmanned combat and is also the largest gains of the first combat. Until 1966, with the changes in international relations, United States eventually stop using unmanned aerial surveillance of China. Talk about early history combat drones, another impressed everyone should be the Middle East's Bekaa Valley war, World War I, leading into Israel and Syria. The Bekaa Valley is one of the local strategic Syria deployed in the Bekaa Valley has a considerable amount of air defense weapons, including once at the Fourth Middle East war play hehe Wal-Sam-6 missiles, and deploy extremely dense.

Israel's air force, it should be said to be a nightmare, in the Fourth Middle East war, when Israel's air force had in Egypt before the Sam-6 missiles of heavy losses.  Now Israel facing this problem again, to win the Bekaa Valley, to break Syria's air defense network in the region, must work out countermeasures to overcome Sam-6 missiles, Israel eventually think is the drone. At that time, Israel primarily using Scout UAV. FOSSIL iPhone 5

One day, Syria air defense radars detected the target into the Bekaa Valley after a boot immediately manipulate fire control radar and fired Sam-6 missiles, the target was shot down, a small unmanned aerial vehicle was shot down. However, in the course of Israel through electronic surveillance equipment on the drones, have each other's fire-control radar operating frequency and feature complete was acquired, that is such a process, get the Sam-6 missiles and Syria radio characteristics of air defense systems. Then, Israel according to these electronic reconnaissance and intelligence, has developed appropriate measures, using a powerful electronic interference and repression, destroy the Sam-6 missile positions in the Bekaa Valley.

Or a fight, gave people a fairly deep and impressive record, entire air war, was said to be more than 100:0 of loss ratio. At that time, the drones really attracted the attention of countries around the world. Above the two unmanned combat history makes us understand that first UAV is what the context of war and battle. Two battles, have one thing in common, is the traditional way of manned aircraft, were unable to overcome the obstacles faced by, there are casualties, losses, because they face the intense anti-aircraft fire, high risk, unmanned aerial vehicle played a role. Secondly, especially from China and the process of fire fighting bee drone can be found, although bee drone shot down a number of fire, but have not been able to prevent the United States use of reconnaissance aircraft to China, when changes in the international situation, international relations, United States did not stop the surveillance operations.

Drone war of origin to two points: one is in a high risk environment manned aircraft cannot afford to work under. One loss does not matter, or even to use drones as a consumable. Today's UAVs, especially on the huge drones, have advanced technology. Stealth, speed and high altitude long endurance, for example, actually when we focus on those words, don't overlook the drones on the other hand.

If you ask "what kind of drone is a good drone? "Can answer in three sentences: one is made up, and the other is affordable, third is to afford to lose. In fact in the history of aerial combat, air vehicle has been faced with a difficult problem, is how each other survive under anti-aircraft fire, the penetration. Aviation technology development process we had a lot of idea, originally of existence and penetration of high speed to address this problem, such as the U2 reconnaissance aircraft, the SR71 Blackbird.

But then found in the actual combat, high speed or a good solution to this problem, because air defense weapons and defense technology development, high speed as follows. There ideas of three generations, the very low altitude penetration coupled with electronic interference, through the very low altitude penetration using the blind area of radar to achieve penetration and strong electrical interference, in the midst of some of the war, it achieved good results.

Whether it be war in the Middle East or the United States that year attacked Libya combat, are the typical pattern, but the very low altitude penetration and electronic interference, still cannot guarantee absolute security for aircraft and pilots.

A stage further, United States the way is invisible, that's four generations of technology, but stealth is not able to solve the problem. The Kosovo war, shot down by Yugoslav F117, we find the original stealth machine will not fully solve the problem. Meanwhile, from high up in high speed, low altitude electronic jamming or stealth of a development process brings a terrible byproduct is made increasingly expensive modern fighter, when it comes to four generations, there has been a general feeling that can't afford it, can't afford to buy. Most typical of the United States of B-2, only stealth strategic bombers in the world, but even as backers of the United States, created after 20 hours and, ultimately, cannot afford to play.

Drones provided us is actually another idea: to lose.

First, because no one loss does not bring in injury and personnel were taken prisoner. Second, the UAV low cost, from the perspective of loss, loss, control costs, and can even be used as an expendable use of drones, which features in the initial fighting, sparking both battle of the bees or the Bekaa Valley have been reflected most vividly.

So, if you ask "what kind of drone is a good drone? "Good drone first to build up, affordable, more important is to afford to lose. Today the development of UAVs has appeared on many of the big technology, can by no means solve the many technical problems that cannot be solved.

But UAV development, the key is still to hold on to the three points: making affordable, affordable, can afford to lose.

Also don't take toys and models for drone! They can't compete with the real drone!

2415 people voted

Millet bracelet

Bracelet with millet millet's latest wearable device, with intelligent features such as alarm clock sleep monitoring.

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Microsoft game console Xbox One s the starting price of 299

Beijing on June 14 morning news, Microsoft's new Xbox One host has been confirmed. The new hostname for the Xbox One s, will be introduced this summer, prices start at $ 299, consistent with the current Xbox One.

New Xbox One s is smaller than the current product 40%, 4K video playback support, and 4K Blu-ray disc, while supporting the handle material and wireless distance an optimization. This host is equipped with a 2TB hard drive, volume is the Xbox One twice, and HDR technology, which brings more rich colors in the video and game, as well as higher purity black. iPhone 5 Disney case

Power supply is integrated into the new host, this is similar to the Sony PS4. Therefore, users do not have to consider how to place a great deal of power modules, makes home entertainment centers more attractive. In addition, the host also has a built-in infrared light Enhancer.

Is worth noting that, although the new Xbox 4K video playback support, but does not support the 4K game. Current Xbox One support 1080p resolution, but low resolution of most games render.

According to The Verge of the reports, the new host also removed a feature in the Xbox One: no longer has a dedicated interface for Kinect controller. At present, the new host built-in infrared intensifier and help you control your home entertainment center, and if you want to connect Kinect, you can use the optional USB adapter. Starting from 2014, Microsoft stopped bundling in the Xbox Kinect.

Cortana speech aides will visit the Xbox this summer. Future users can use the headset to Cortana, instead of using the Kinect. iPhone 5 Disney case

In addition, The Verge reported that the starting price of $ 299 only 500GB version, 1TB price of $ 350, while the 2TB price of US $ 399. The most expensive version will be issued first.

Source: SINA

2 votes

ORICO CTA1 Type-c USB3.0 adapter

ORICO CTA1 Type-c USB3.0 adapter, OTG function Type-C two-sided plug 5Gbps transmission aluminium alloy shell

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Cinamatic looking for 15s happy

Cinamatic Hipstamatic is a veteran photography works, is a filmed short video filter effects applied. (US shout brother) is the so-called tiger father on a tradition, Hipstamatic filters always good, its documents, how cool would it? Weekday $ 0.99 price perhaps Free party in thirst. Just caught up with iTunes week activities, today we'll chop herein to find out.

  Vans sole

Cinamatic interface is friendly, clean and simple, no advertising and no push, not even a set. Font slender beauty, applications do not have the same perpetual yahei feel ugly. If it's not iOS platform constraints, perhaps Cinamatic look forward to unification of all fonts. Sure enough, the artist's pursuit of beauty is so similar ... ...

 

Video can be recorded, a minimum of 3 seconds to a maximum of 15 seconds, support front camera with Flash. In addition to the record button, click on the screen also allows recording, very human choices, took care of the author of this is not for people (in fact, is obsessive compulsive disorder). Schedule is very beautiful! Excessive blue and Red bands echo a LOGO, set off the iOS7, really nice! Without that silly video node segmentation, with levels of excess to capture user, smart move!

 

7 filter by default, with two square bars arranged interactively, simple and full of impact, allowing users to receive more details about filters, humanity than the same slide clear, both to avoid the fatigue but also with other App boundaries.

Left right sides are the mediation in color, depth of filter effects, background music. Left adjust contrast, color saturation, brightness, three options, with the right background music add is a Pro version of the feature, you need to pay a fee to open (brother, your normal version 0.99, Pro or plus 1.99, sold 3 times you face it? ）。

Add background music interface with album art, song title, album name, with the sound waveform, is indeed very good. When finally completed, Cinamatic will call location information, time, user-added description, be uploaded to Vine, Instagram, Facebook, three in any social networking platform. Of course, you can also send friends choose to save.

 

Being the Hipstamatic, presentable if only 7 types of filters? It is clear that this is not scientific, see the filter did not come more and more beautiful. Filters can purchase a total of 8, two sets of filters and WALT told TOSHIRO free (don't know a timed or permanent). $ 0.99 each, if you feel you can also choose the 1.99/3.99 package. (Don't chop hands every day, go buy it! ） Vans iPhone

Pro is also very much, add music, shear clips, filters, importing albums video, packaged together for $ 1.99. (Shear filter can work half a professional, but import the stuff that can be classified as advanced features? A little cheat. ）

 

Cinamatic is foreign beauty, nice interface and interaction of human nature, while banner of the Pro money pit, but also very consistent with the thinking of foreigners, filter effects if you like it, you can start buying. Perhaps you will find a full set for $ 10 for the iOS software is too expensive, I think you spend more than more than 60 bucks is not a simple App, but happy in 15 seconds. Life is not how many years, but there are thousands of 15 seconds. Perhaps today the 15 seconds of happiness in your head always down, lingering ... ...

632 votes

HTC One M8

HTC One (M8) is Taiwan mobile phone company HTC 2014 development of next-generation smartphones, belonging to the HTC advanced flagship models in One series, on March 25, 2014 by HTC Chairman Cher Wang and Peter Chou, Chief Executive of London and United States synchronized New York published. Powered by Android 4.4.2 operating system, HTC Sense6 user interface. Duo twin lens cameras provides photo back focus function.

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Enhanced side screen Galaxy name S7 Edge to determine

Samsung in their developer website was updated based on the TouchWiz Android 6.0 added side screen enhancements, leaked on February 21 which will publish flagship Galaxy S7 Edge name. This also shows the Samsung as before, still will get two flagship policy. Just Cavalli iPad Mini Case

New Samsung can be seen in the new side-screen functionality in addition to the familiar S6 Edge and S6 edge+ there also did not publish flagship S7 Edge (the original page has been deleted, presumably temporary), which also confirm fact appears in two imperial policy. As can be seen from the introduced three new systems of mobile, curved side panel with three models, including a side-screen display content more plug-ins than ever before, but larger, user-friendly operation.

This multi-purpose side screen our Galaxy Android 6.0 S6 experience on the Edge, new side screen tool has a lot of improvements in the system, a large increase in the area of the toolbar, making it easier to touch, supporting the application set two and added compass, rapid scales, flashlights and other tools.

In addition to the more feature-rich, Panel can also select transparency, font size.

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Micro sweep sweep, author tips bar ~

527 votes Just Cavalli iPad mini

Galaxy S6 edge+

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As product manager how to understand the functional boundaries of the product

Lei feng's network (search for "Lei feng's network", public interest): the authors _ Simon voidwalker. GUCCI iPhone

At work a while ago, encountered such a discussion. Here's the deal:

We want to develop an activity (activity display), after clicking the coupons will receive a coupon; after receiving success, to send text messages to the user.

Points for discussion or send text messages. Events and coupons are two different product features, text message must be send message notification, then who is going to trigger this message, or text should be the active end is at the coupon end?

One Member thought that is sends the coupon, thinking is this: success of the coupon to receive coupons and information about, such as amounts, restrictions are imposed on the coupon ends and after receiving successful, call the message notification is fairing. Other colleagues have recognized this way. Flow charts are as follows:

But my point is: sending text messages is called the active end, rather than the coupon ends, flowcharts are as follows:

I will elaborate on my point of view:

On this issue, a core point is that coupons and correspond to the activity. In my opinion, coupons and events should be many to one relationship, that is, an activity coupon will be sent.

Drop activities, sent a bunch of coupons to users, to cover such as a taxi, car, car and other businesses, a variety of prices, is a typical coupon corresponding to a form of activity. GUCCI iPhone 6 Case

Assuming the text on coupon-side, in coupon to receive success, will send SMS, that if one can receive more than one ticket, there will be users receive multiple messages, and SMS costs on both sides consider the user experience as a whole is not appropriate.

And send the message to the active side, it would be better to avoid this problem, when the vouchers received after the success of, unity sends a message to the user, while SMS can also customize based on your activities, whether it is the cost of SMS is also considered in the context of the user experience, is the most appropriate choice.

Using this example, I would like to bring out such a concept: the functional boundaries of the product.

In the product, each feature should not be unlimited expansion, but its boundaries and limits, determine functional boundaries and limits of the property is the function itself to decide.

So far as the above example, coupon, is to restrict the amount and save his own property. Restriction is a limitation of use, such as drops of travel vouchers, only ride limousine service, used for payment.

Depending on the business scene, restrictions are many, such as platform limitations, operational constraints, time, amount, and so on.

Discount amount is deductible in use or discount amount. Generally have a fixed amount or a fixed amount. A fixed amount is when you create a coupon, will set the amount of reduction vouchers over 1000 minus 100 Yuan, or preferential coupon amount is 100 Yuan.

There is no fixed amount, such as 70 percent coupon, does not establish that specific amounts, but according to the limited and specific use, for sure.

For activities, and activities of their own property is displayed and promoted. Show main is an activity of the present form, include additional information such as product. Promotion is such as banknote, sharing and so on.

From the SMS, should belong to the extension part of the activities, it should be sent from the active side.

So, according to the product's functional boundaries to design products, what good is it?

From a product perspective, the function should be independent and modular products is based on the business and user experience, on a different page, splicing different function modules, so as to achieve the maximization of product experience, while keeping the flexibility and scalability of the product properties.

I often cite such examples: product features like Lego blocks of independent building blocks, and the product is through a combination of different building blocks, based on business needs and product manager of ingenious thought, spell out the model. Building blocks with simple building blocks fit together just before the snap. Once a block there is a problem or needs to be adjusted, only has to block and can be connected with it.

Through with products of function border, to design function, from products pyramid minimum end of small function points little to design, to later function block, and function, and page, and whole products, seems is a full of overall, actually inside and independent with greatly small of individual, through individual and individual Zhijian of independent and close tie, to reached overall of tie, undoubtedly this is most perfect of situation.

If the split function in accordance with the functional boundaries of thinking and integration, you will find that when you do another product, you may only need to rearrange the modules, can be realized. A demand to the side, you can accurately analyze the involved functions and sphere of influence, so as to more easily deal with demands for better product iterations.

This article published by everyone is a network product manager Lei feng, without permission, may not be reproduced!

826 votes

Apple TV (third generation)

By opening the home sharing feature, Apple TV can play iTunes on your computer the contents of the repository, and Apple TV with computers connected to the same LAN, and sets the same Apple ID. Family sharing features delivering media content through a router, so when when bulk video playback such as 1080P will need a short buffer can, buffer time depends on the router

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No longer fear their ears pierced the ear will not lose Elbee

　　Wireless ear plugs is absolutely great creation, through the most annoying wire stuff, our personal experiences go a long way. To say that the ear What are the disadvantages of wireless, it is easy to lose. Elbee express the new headset manufacturer to develop a will not lose your earplugs.

　　Last year a headset called the Dash of intelligent high portability is strong, it is attracting people's attention. Elbee ear looks and Dash a bit similar to the left and right ear completely detached ear-mounted design is portable enough, and are more likely to lose, Elbee is exist in order to solve this problem.

　　Using Bluetooth technology, Elbee mobile application tracking in real time of earplugs are also within the Bluetooth range. If the earplugs out of Bluetooth range, applications will alert the user, asking if accidentally dropped it. Then, the application tells the user plugs the location of, and directions.

　　Elbee not as intelligent as Dash, manufacturers focus on pure easy listening experience, earplug joined the voice control and motion control, users can just listen to the music without hands. gucci cases

　　If we can achieve all of the ideas, then Elbee headset really is an option worthy of consideration. After the new product's final selling price will be US $ 269.

[Article correction] GUCCI Note 4

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GTX980 6700K the strongest monster in desktop hardware X9

　　Today's PC development has spawned a variety of forms, not only is a 2-in-1 device for Tablet laptop can almost fit, and desktop and notebook computers more and more blurred. Today, we say the latter, mainly because of the urgent needs of the game and hardware development is no longer limited to desktop desktop, Nvidia announced last month that can be loaded onto a laptop desktop GeForce GTX 980 on a video card. Paul Frank iPad Air Case

　　Wei Feng network, October 14, seems to be in response to Nvidia's call, while also taking advantage of the Windows wave released 10 devices, North America's top notebook computer maker Eurocom has released a brand new gaming laptop Sky carrying the desktop GTX 980 video X9.

　　Many players think that this was not the first equipped with this monster graphics gaming laptop, MSI MSI GT72 Dominator is one step ahead. But compared to MSI, Eurocom is more like a madman, because really the full SKY X9 gaming laptop to desktop specifications to build a gaming laptop, book still carried a desktop-level flagship processor Intel Core i7-6700K and desktop complete Z170 chipset the motherboard, equipped with full water cooled heat dissipation package, aiming to facilitate enthusiast overclocking to the desired value. Paul Frank iPad Air Case

　　Core i7-6700K Needless to say, the default clock speed 4.0GH (core frequency up to 4.2GHz), using the quad-core design eight threads. GTX 980 graphics cards specifications, allegedly used the complete specifications of the GM204 core, built-in 2048 CUDA processing units running at 1.1GHz, carrying the equivalent frequencies 7G 8GBDDR5 memory and better materials than the desktop version, ensure that the heat sink is not ideally still have outstanding performance.

　　The remaining parameters, SKY X9 display provides two configuration options, one is the standard 1920x1080 pixels and the other is 4K 3480x2160 pixel, the fuselage slot provides up to 4 internal hard drive, of which 2 are SATA, two are PCIe form. In order to ensure a more shocking game sound effects combined with Visual, independent audio chipset onboard innovations, coupled with Sound Blaster x-fi MB3 suite and Enbridge to build speakers and subwoofer.

　　Other configurations including fingerprint identification lock, USB, Thunderbolt interface 3.1 interface, 2 MiniDisplayPort interface, customizable backlit keyboard, six in one card reader and 2 Gigabit RJ-45 network interface. In addition, since it is a desktop size of gaming notebooks, it must not have very good portability, and a fairly heavy, weight 4.8kg, although at the expense of light, but give players the blood-boiling performance.

　　You guessed it, such a powerful gaming notebook price is certainly not cheap, Sky X9 of the official offer of us $ 2543 started about 16140 Yuan, pursue more custom price will be even higher. 

[Article correction]

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Li Ka shing to buy United Kingdom telecommunications company being United Kingdom

　　Li Ka-Shing in the British acquisition of concern there has been recent progress, on February 1, the United Kingdom Office of communications Chief Executive Officer Shalun·huaite urged EU antitrust regulators to block the deal. She pointed out that in countries where only three mobile operators, mobile phone service prices rose one-fifth, Supreme, she expressed concern that the merger would enable United Kingdom users ' phone bills soared, entities may also fight against rival retailers, disrupt existing network arrangements.

　　"Richest man in Chinese" Li Ka-shing's business empire, has been moved to the West in recent years. In January 2015, the company owned by Li Ka-shing, Hutchison said, the company will spend about £ 10.25 billion (about 95.6 billion yuan) for United Kingdom's second largest mobile telecom operator O2 UK.

　　O2 UK was founded in 2002, in 2006, Spain telecommunications for 18 billion pounds takeover. According to the financial times of London reported, after the transaction is completed, O2 UK and Hutchison's "Three mobile company" merging the United Kingdom's largest telecommunications group, 41% of the market share. But in November 2015, European Union antitrust regulators on Telefonica SA United Kingdom mobile operator O2 UK equity sold to Hutchison Whampoa's antitrust investigation of the trading scheme.

　　This long and said, "3+O2," after the merger, in five years ' time, customers will pay less for more telecommunications services.

　　February 4, Li Ka-Shing of Yangtze River and remember industrial on made commitment: in future five years, "3+O2" will in United Kingdom of telecommunications business investment 5 billion pounds; in merged Hou five years within never improve voice, and SMS or data price; "3+O2" will through transfer network capacity in the small shared interests, makes other United Kingdom telecommunications market of competition opponents can in fair competition of environment Xia provides service.

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Microsoft really want to move Or publish new E3 show host

　　This year's E3 Expo since 2013, would probably be one of the most anticipated event, the rationale for this is because there have been rumors that Sony will be announced at the E3 2016 function stronger new PS4. Despite big may not be at E3, Nintendo NX have also been identified in the report will be available for sale in the year 2017. What about Microsoft? Rebecca Minkoff iPhone case

　　Always works closely with the Microsoft blogger Paul Thurrott in his blog post new articles on, say Microsoft will open new hardware at the E3. Taking into account the information on Paul Thurrott standing at the level of senior Microsoft, and also known as a message from "Microsoft employees" confidence level is not low.

　　The so-called "new hardware" is first and foremost a new handle. This handle as the Xbox One is the new standard, and will replace the existing handle model. Because the Xbox One handle itself have no room for much needed changes, new and existing models in the design of the handle will not be much different. Taking into account existing standard handle only black in the color scheme section, the authors argue that new handle will be white.

　　In addition to the standard with the new handle, but Microsoft will also be released on PC and Xbox One new ways. Current Xbox spread Windows have been able to achieve between 10 and One game lost, and some games are also able to buy cross-platform sharing. Microsoft's idea is to explore the Xbox One and the PC in this new combination, but we still don't know what that would be.

　　Of course, the players certainly don't treat the two as is important news, there is more power: the author, sources also revealed that the new handle and interactions, as well as a "much greater surprises." Taking into account the recent people's mania for so-called PS4 Neo, Xbox does One really have to launch the upgrade Edition?

　　These revelations is not out of thin air. As early as when Microsoft announced Xbox 360 production, Phil Spencer said "within the next few weeks will be beyond the Xbox One and Windows of 10 big events." If this "event" does not refer to the Xbox referred to above One and Windows combination of 10 new ways, so players could easily be over to the new host.

　　Microsoft has said publicly that it has the intention to have the Xbox One with PC-like performance upgrades, but does not let the players hard to disassemble. An interesting speculation arose: on E3 this year Microsoft will launch an Xbox One with hardware upgrades. If that is so, then it was for the players to go beyond the Xbox One and Windows 10 events.

　　Microsoft spokesman expressed noncommittal, claimed they would not comment on rumors and speculation. E3 just around the corner, Microsoft has no major moves, and will soon know. Rebecca Minkoff case

[Article correction]

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7 VR space positioning tool below

Lei feng's network (search for "Lei feng's network" public attention): this is the VR space sequel to position 7 weapon. Author Wang Rui for VR senior industry practitioners.

As previously mentioned, VR experience building now still missing the most important part is cheap and flexible and accurate positioning solutions.

About VR space positioning tool, in addition to the sense of body position, optical tracking and image recognition, space radar, HTC Vive Light House, we will continue to talk to the rest of the 2 types of weapon, and to sum up the advantages and disadvantages of the existing spatial positioning, welcomed the study.

|RTKGPS、UWB、SLAM... VR space positioning what hottie? (E) RTKGPS

Real-time difference GPS technology at least has two a part composition: in base station Shang placed receiver, on all visible of GPS satellite for continuous observation, and will observation data through transmission equipment (like number biography radio, WIFI, and public 3G/4G communications network and so on), real-time to sent to user Observatory (flow station); and in user Observatory Shang, also through GPS receiver received GPS satellite signal, while also through radio received equipment, received base station transmission of observation data, And then through the user's coordinates to calculate the relative positioning in real time, the dynamic positioning accuracy up to 1cm-2cm.

This technology not only can be used as a mapping can also be used for military purposes. Its high accuracy characteristic can be used for accurate navigation of large agricultural machinery such as combine harvesters and in machinery production and achieve a perfect combination between intensive; at home, a fairly extensive civilian scene is the driving test ... ...

Before the advent of RTKGPS, surveying and mapping industry in order to obtain a precise coordinates to cm, need to use a common GPS device to receive data, and then a lot of offline calculation. And the emergence of RTKGPS greatly developed many new scenarios, such as drones. RTKGPS belonging to a professional field, using a little-and the price is very high, but in recent years has been more and more practitioners will this technology became more populist, an example of this open source RTKGPS Kit:

(Via www.swiftnav.com)

However, RTKGPS is, after all, GPS must be outdoors you can use. Which usually plans setting indoors or shopping mall for the VR experience Center is undoubtedly a major bad news. But profound VR outdoor experience is not without precedent, for example links below video was once popular in the media and friends (but really are highly dangerous, do not try this)--the race car wearing VR helmets, cool to a friend.

It was meant to be an automobile brands and engaged in a public relations campaign in a lubricant, racers take OculusVR helmets and cars loaded on high-performance computers, so as to fully experience the pleasure of drift in the virtual space. And this adventure owes its success, one of the major reasons is the use of the RTKGPS to complete the localization, so that we can accurately know the location of car and driver, and corresponding virtual content rendering (and avoid the tidings of riders fell out).

(Vi) UWBUWB technology is a kind of wireless location technology, this technology (Ultra Wide band) also known as "ultra-wideband" position, it is a kind of pulse signal high-speed wireless short-range communication technology of data transmission, rather than General wireless communications system used by the carrier.

Principle of UWB positioning is very simple, it is using the beacon sends out pulses arrive flight time to calculate the location of the base station, and Yes, we are familiar with is the name, TOF (Time of Flight).

Don't forget to radio is based on the speed of light, so its detection precision from the theory can be very high.

UWB was originally from 60 's pulse is the definition of communication technology. UWB technology pulse length is generally in the subnanosecond level signal, which can reach thousands of megahertz bandwidth (UWB limit 3.1-10.6 GHz), the technology in 1989 by the United States Department of Defense named as the ultra-wide band technology. Which is characterized by large bandwidth, carrier-free, low power.

(Via 36kr.com) 

Because bandwidth is large, so penetrating UWB technology is better. Compared to technologies such as WIFI, radio multipath effects (because the high frequency signals are straight lines, so it will bounce back and forth because the building block into several roads, it is difficult to judge) to the much weaker, so the accuracy of the positioning scheme is often better than the traditional Room-Level scheme based on WIFI (that is, determine which room in the room) much higher. Now mature UWB positioning system can even just dozens of centimeters, also has options that firm said 2-5 cm accuracy level, but the actual deployment in a variety of indoor space occasions when, basically not up to this precision. Not all venues are, after all, is an open and free of any block, no more people to participate in the big house. And don't forget the core of this technology is also a communications link, so all kinds of communications interference but also brought.

UWB itself, after all, is a wireless technology, it covers all wireless communications are within the band of noise about it, and its wall despite better than other wireless technologies, but it will still have a greater attenuation. And the UWB standard is to limit the power of, so now most of the programmes are effective at about 10 m, if it is a large indoor venues may also laid a lot of communication base station.

Therefore, if a scheme the UWB independent positioning, would still be less than severe VR experience required position accuracy positioning and distance, but if you can work with data in other ways, may want to solve the problem.

Germany famous Fraunhofer research center, there is a "black science" products is called RedFir:

(Via is.fraunhofer.de)

Install equipment in a players feet, sneakers and ball placed inside the device, and layout of the entire site after the collection of a large number of base stations, the whole stadium was transformed into a high-tech Virtual Studio, you can at any time during the process of broadcasting for data collection and analysis, the Visual work. Such a good thing, of course, have been willing to use the VR experience, just to those key problems with the wireless, I am afraid that to developers to pay a big price.

(G) deep-fried chicken: SLAM

SLAM's full name in English is: Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, simultaneous localization and map building.

In short, for space within of a robot (or no machine), if it in a completely unknown of environment in (like Tomb Raider adventure), so it on can side along ramps to in go, side with camera or laser radar to created has this ramps of digital information copies (is building map), such then had a will on can using just created of map data to himself navigation using has.

Oh, some very high-end sweeping robots, also known as using this technology.

In the movie there is a scene in the Prometheus, a drone with a laser detection ability (the ball) is thrown out, it began independent access to space information. This is a typical SLAM scenarios:

In fact, from the academic definition, robots in unknown environments began to move from an unknown location, and then move depending on position estimation and sensor data are constantly positioning itself and amendments, while building incremental map, this is the basic process of SLAM.

Of course, this approach is not necessarily just for robots, if people carry a portable computing device (or just the phone), then SLAM can also create maps in unknown environment and to position themselves, that is why we urgently need in the VR scenario features.

SLAM algorithm of a variety of data sources, such as using scanning LiDAR point cloud data, also have binocular camera with RGB images and stereoscopic vision to generate, or directly use RGBD Kinect (visible light + depth) programme and can even be seen in the lab-level based on single camera and RGB color or grayscale images to make the SLAM algorithm papers.

From another perspective, if you expect based on three dimensional space recognition technology (rather than the traditional two-dimensional code or pictures), then SLAM class means better and faster methods, but also the AR software and algorithm developers (for example, Metaio, but has been acquired by Apple) has been working to achieve goals. As SLAM on the one hand to be able to give a more precise location, as well as three-dimensional features can do for the environment gets three-dimensional reconstruction and the necessary means, to address the actual scene in the display device, and virtual images overlapped, occlusion problems AR scene may be used in the future, is also a portable wearable rigid demand.

Today, the SLAM has been widely used in VR/AR on the device, for example Microsoft HoloLens is typical RGBD SLAM scenarios. Project Tange of Google mobile phone, as well as Intel RealSense details are RGB-D SLAM. Even how many people have not seen the kind of "black science" company Magic Leap, probably impossible not to SLAM as spatial positioning and the actual mask cornerstone of judgment.

SLAM on the high-end business market, in fact, already has a very mature stories. NCAM camera system such as Virtual Studio, which doesn't require traditional electric controlling pan/tilt, can be directly mounted in the frame on the Nikon stable shooting everywhere. Get the camera position and orientation results are immediately reflected in the content creation tools, in order to achieve an animation or special effects blockbusters among the leading camera-link.

Of course, SLAM technology is not without shortcomings.

First of all, it's still based on Visual identification of signal acquisition/processing/transmission compared with other technical means, the current delay often is hard to ignore, and that's what is VR experience where the most unacceptable. Addition, SLAM on at this stage of mobile equipment for, calculation pressure still too big, Project Tango phone and HoloLens glasses for increased has a or more block Association processor, such natural and brings has power management and overheating, various problem, rumors in the Carmack also in for future of OculusVR and GearVR helmet sought based on SLAM of positioning programme, it whether can became future VR world mainstream positioning way, may currently also is a unknown just.

| New omnidirectional treadmill

Above all spatial orientation programmes are based on the same premise, that players can walk sites in accordance with their will, walking its scope limited by the site itself. If we of experience target is a paragraph in warehouse Chamber in war zombie, or in street build fortifications acting nemesis of VR game, so such of programme apparently total has comes; but if we is to a paragraph GTA5 as of Super big as target, or is can unlimited and exploration down of sand box game, so again big of site I'm afraid also enough players toss...... And space bigger, more complex structure and shape, position that corresponds to the installation and maintenance costs higher, in order to maintain a stable location algorithm and accuracy more difficult.

Fortunately, there are people who will look for other ways, such as in people's daily fitness treadmill, join in addition to speed control of directional control, became known as the Omni-directional treadmill (Omni-directional treadmill):

(Via think-about.pl)

Design of an omni-directional treadmill is not however went hunting one with touch screen and MP3 function of treadmill thing, here are two huge question developers need to think:

, How to identify players in a treadmill speed and direction;

Second, how limitations in Center for devices running the player, or he was not aware that the premise of his "back" facility?

Omnideck is an early launch of the above solutions, it uses a group of players as the center of the radial motion of the conveyor belt. When players come to you any belts, direction sensor will sense the player's movement and speed, drive belt to send players back to the Center.

(Via walkmouse.com)

It is easy to imagine, in which equipment mainly depends on the number of radial belt. Once increased the number of conveyor belt, it will bring more heavy maintenance costs, the sensor accuracy, as well as their own weight. Moreover in such a huge space for only one game, from a revenue point of view may be living beyond their means. Therefore, a lot of focus on walking VR experience company immediately launched a programme that looks more reasonable, such as Virtuix Omni in the figure below:

Omni running machine itself can as a is a cooking with of not stick pot pot (actually it of material does is not stick pot of material), it of chassis was design into a surface SAG of round surface, and by many small concave slot of smooth radial runway composition, above is a can regulation bracket, up to protection players and recognition Xia squat/jumped up action of function, total weight about for 50 kg, and user need wear Shang special of shoes only can in Omni of runway Shang movement--more accurate to said, Is sliding on the runway. This design can be more lightweight and flexible than the former, the key lies in this "foot could not be left in the bottom of the sliding Center" feature, and Groove around the sensor system is responsible for measuring user movement direction and speed, so as to simulate the players marched in virtual space.

Principle, this programme looks perfect, just more cumbersome to wear, to the domestic market would still have the distance. However, judging from the actual user feedback, "foot slide step" movement is not to make them feel comfortable. Might even be a feeling in the song:

Little mouse,

On the lampstand;

Oil theft--

Is there less bulky, sensitive and accurate, will not make the player feel uncomfortable to run option? There may be:

(Via mobilemag.com) 

Infinadeck full to running machine since birth of day up on attract has many media and industry people of concern, it of basic idea actually and no very complex of place: used motor led belt round of way, using a whole article along y axis movement of big belt round, led more article along x axis movement of small belt round, such players in two a axis up of movement are can was recognition and records down. The central location and the player once you leave the treadmill, the system will pass the Visual recognition or other means of identification that the direction and distance of the player, and start the motor to send players back.

Of course, this design also has two small bridges to cross. First is the weight problem, so many motor and pulley was placed on top of a piece of equipment, its load-bearing pressure is probably quite small, non-mechanical structure as a whole has to with sufficient raw material to build steel body; overall estimate down, tons of weight on such a device there, really moved to the House I am afraid it will only let downstairs neighbor was on pins and needles. Second is players of movement feel and equipment size of relationship, if equipment itself had small, belt round of perimeter also on is small, produced of friction also on different--which is easy with to players a obviously of "was pulled back place" of feel; and equipment had big although can let "back in situ" of process became smooth, is undoubtedly further increased has equipment of volume and weight, let household level of using cost became more to accept.

Infinadeck has been claimed to build inexpensive and convenient system of Omni-directional treadmill, who has yet to release updated news, and perhaps are trapped in these structures and selection of difficulties.

| Don't let your players limping

We simply summarize the previously mentioned advantages and disadvantages of various positioning options, as shown in the following table:

Programme

Cost of delay time

Recognition range accuracy

Number of disturbances of Kinect VR Shinecon headset

< 2000

>30ms4x3 meters precise roles to bone, but unstable

Up 6 people, easy lost too much of debris, extra of infrared light, strong reflection material PS Move<2000 yuan >30ms can appropriate extended distinguish role and weapons according to color ID suitable distribution more people, may will errors reported too much of debris, complex of environment and back views, block mark points, errors of camera calibration optical positioning system > 200,000 yuan <20ms can unlimited extended, but cost also with of soared precise to role bones usually not over 4 people too much of debris, complex of environment and back views, Block markers, camera calibration errors HTC Lighthouse

< 8000 yuan <20ms5x5 meters head and hands handles recommends 1 people too much of debris, not rules regional, errors of placed laser radar 140,000 20-30ms40x40 meters contact points, distance more far precision more low recommends 1 people, cannot distinguish ID too much of debris, each other block UWB?<20ms depends on base station number 15-30cm recommends 1 people too much of debris, more diameter problem, other equipment of interference SLAM?>30ms can unlimited extended, but data volume soared

Depending on pretreatment pretreatment 1 accuracy is often needed to map cannot have big site changes after Virtuix Omni<8000 gait 1 do not restrict accurate to within a step without interference, but wear complex, experience is not true Infinadeck? Step within the limited accurate gait 1?

Conclusion seems very frustrating at the moment, no programme can be said while addressing cost, multiplayer games, low latency, anti-jamming, and space restrictions these big issues.

In other words, though the author has hardships and learning to ask for help, managed to collect seven weapons plus an extra Bouns (treadmills), but still could not reach the start in the heart's desire: VR virtual space walking experience, is really an unattainable goal?

Fortunately, we have seen enough of practitioners has been started for this effort.

Author experience had Shanghai green pupil of optical positioning programme, its low delay and accuracy has do has available of level, and more low cost of products development presumably is this team next of target; Connaught also make reportedly also not meet Yu currently system key parts of high cost and relinquished, began research himself of optical positioning system; The Void more is secret received has a designed specializing in UWB positioning of team, intends to put himself of theme park positioning programme more diligence. More brain hole was wide open in the future, innovative solutions, and position means closer to the actual demand, may have also not far away.

Built and maintenance costs can be controlled, so people with the game no longer is the key problem, let your players don't become ropey – believe in VR space location's next move, will give us a surprise.

Drawings from: Engadget.com VR Shinecon headset